Editors’ Note: Prompted by an emailed request from University of Minnesota doctoral student Reba Juetten, I have updated a syllabus on the history of philanthropy that I drafted in 2015 and whose introduction I include on my personal website. Never used, it has remained a dream course that I would love to teach one day. With HistPhil readers’ knowledge of the field in mind (and so too other graduate students who might look to HistPhil for reading list recommendations), I am posting the syllabus below. Please criticize and improve upon the document. Though I have updated it this morning to include books published since 2015, I likely have missed some texts. In this vein, please comment on themes that I have missed or should have elaborated upon. Also please reach out to us via email or Twitter with other syllabi recommendations. [08/14/2018 Update: Here is a link to an undergraduate version of this course on the history of philanthropy]. 

-Maribel Morey, HistPhil co-editor.

History of U.S. Philanthropy Graduate Seminar 

Professor Maribel Morey

In 2013, The New York Times announced that the “events of 2008 and their long aftermath have given urgency to the scholarly realization that it really is the economy, stupid.” Indeed, reflecting this scholarly trend, history departments across the country have shown peaked interest in the history of capitalism, with course offerings and completed dissertations on the topic. U.S. historians’ contemporary excitement about capitalism as an analytic lens for understanding change-over-time within the United States co-exists with another movement within the field: to transnationalize, or rather, to globalize U.S. history. Sure enough, U.S. historians of capitalism have blended these two movements to write transnational, global histories of capitalism.

However, if we, as U.S. historians, want to understand how and why capitalism functions the way it does within and outside the United States and want to understand the role of the United States in a global community throughout the past centuries, then we also need to take into account U.S. philanthropy. This is because philanthropy plays the role of addressing and also legitimizing the inequalities produced by capitalism, and it plays this role both domestically and globally.

In this graduate seminar, we will examine the complex role of U.S. philanthropy in American democratic life and on the global stage. In doing so, we not only will be enriching two contemporary trends in the profession, but continuing an intellectual tradition developed nearly forty years ago by University of Chicago historians Barry D. Karl and Stanley N. Katz.

We will begin the seminar by analyzing how philanthropists, philanthropic managers, national policymakers, and the American public perceived the role of U.S. philanthropy in the United States and globally throughout the long twentieth century. After discussing key secondary works in the field, we will analyze Andrew Carnegie’s distinction between charity and philanthropy and the role he prescribed to philanthropy in a capitalist society. Moving forward chronologically into the 1920s and 1930s United States, we will analyze how Americans discussed the appropriate forms of philanthropy-government collaborations; the ideal relationships among foundations; and, the power of philanthropies to shape the construction of authoritative knowledge in the natural and social sciences. Next, we will read the various Congressional investigations of these organizations throughout the twentieth century as a means of understanding Americans’ changing anxieties about philanthropy and U.S. democracy. We then will discuss the role of U.S. foundations on a global stage during the twentieth century and analyze these organizations’ shifting identities as benevolent givers; empire by another name; and, apologists for global capitalism. We will conclude the course with a general reflection on the place of U.S. philanthropy in the global community during the long twentieth century and today.

Course Expectations:

Class Engagement: For each class session, students should arrive with discussion questions on the readings and they should be prepared to take leading roles in posing and discussing questions about the readings. This form of engaged class participation will count for fifty percent of the student’s grade in the course. To keep track of the course material, it is advisable to maintain a log of the timeline, subject, and argument of each reading. These notes will become useful when thinking about and drafting the final paper.

Final Paper: This final paper can be either a historiographical essay or a piece of original historical research that incorporates both primary and secondary literature. In either case, the final paper should be 20-25 pages in length. Please consult with me throughout the semester, so that we can exchange ideas on sources, research focus, argument, etc.

Beyond our seminar: There are humanists, social scientists, and leaders in the non-profit world who are interested in the history of philanthropy. So, feel free to expand on our seminar discussions and engage with them. Here are a few ways to do so:

• The Rockefeller Archive Center (Tarrytown, New York):
  • The Archive Center’s Rockefeller Foundation Centennial website: rockefeller100.org
  • Apply for: Grants-in-Aid for Research at the Rockefeller Archive Center.
• Stanford’s Center on Philanthropy and Civil Society (Stanford, California):
  • Stanford Social Innovation Review (magazine and online blog).
  • Apply for: The Junior Scholars Forum in Civil Society, the Nonprofit Sector, and Philanthropy.
• The History of Philanthropy Blog (Twitter, @HistPhil):
  • Fellow historians of philanthropy Stanley N. Katz, Benjamin Soskis, and I edit this blog. The general idea of the blog is to bring together scholars, foundation leaders, and philanthropists in common dialogue on the past, present, and future of philanthropy. Lending a critical lens to scholarly work on the history of philanthropy and to contemporary philanthropic practice, we envision contributors exploring the role and impact of philanthropy in different societies across the globe during the past centuries. We invite you to share your work in this class with the blog’s community at the end of the semester. Of course, if you have story ideas in the meantime, please feel free to share them with me after class or via email.

Seminar Readings

Part I. Introduction to the History of Philanthropy as a Field:

• Seminar 1: Introduction
  • Readings for Today:
    • Stanley N. Katz, “Where Did the Serious Study of Philanthropy Come From, Anyway?” Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly (March 1999).
    • Peter Dobkin Hall, “The Work of Many Hands: A Response to Stanley N. Katz on the Origins of the ‘Serious Study’ of Philanthropy,” Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 28 (December 1999).
    • Merle Curti, “The History of American Philanthropy as a Field of Research,” The American Historical Review 62 (Jan. 1957).
  • Extra Readings:
    • Merle Curti, American Philanthropy Abroad (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1963).
    • Barry D. Karl and Stanley N. Katz, “Foundations and Ruling Class Elites,” Daedalus 116 (Winter 1987).
    • Robert M. Bremner, American Philanthropy (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1960).
    • Merle Curti, Philanthropy in the Shaping of Higher Education (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1965).
    • Barry D. Karl and Stanley N. Katz, “The American Private Philanthropic Organization and the Public Sphere, 1890-1930,” Minerva 19 (1981).
    • Philanthropic Foundations: New Scholarship, New Possibilities (ed., Ellen Condliffe Lagemann) (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1999).
    • Charity, Philanthropy, and Civility in American History (eds. Lawrence J. Friedman and Mark D. McGarvie) (NYC: Cambridge University Press, 2002).
    • Marty Sulek, “On the Modern Meaning of Philanthropy,” Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 39 (April 2010).
    • ___________, “On the Classic Meaning of Philanthropy,” Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 39 (June 2010).

Part II. Andrew Carnegie’s Gospel of Wealth (1889): Understanding and then Questioning Carnegie’s Distinctions between Philanthropy and Charity

• Seminar 2: Philanthropy and Charity
  • Readings for Today:
    • Andrew Carnegie’s Gospel of Wealth (1889).
    • William E. Gladstone, Nineteenth Century (November 1890).
    • Reverend Hugh Price Hughes, “Irresponsible Wealth,” Nineteenth Century (December 1890).
    • Ruth Crocker, Russell Sage: Women’s Activism and Philanthropy in Gilded Age and Progressive Era America (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2006).
    • Kathleen D. McCarthy, Noblesse Oblige: Charity and Cultural Philanthropy in Chicago, 1849-1929 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982).
  • Extra Readings:
    • David Nasaw, Andrew Carnegie (New York: Penguin Books, 2006), Ch. 20 “The Gospels of Andrew Carnegie, 1889-1892.
    • Robert De Forest, “What is Charity Organization?” Charities Review 1 (November 1891).
    • Benjamin Soskis, “Both More and No More: The Historical Split between Charity and Philanthropy,” (Hudson Institute Report, October 15^th 2014), available at http://hudson.org/research/10723-both-more-and-no-more-the-historical-split-between-charity-and-philanthropy
    • Lori D. Ginzberg, Women and the Work of Benevolence: Morality, Politics, and Class in the Nineteenth-Century United States (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990).

• Seminar 3: Philanthropy, Charity, and Socialism
  • Readings for Today:
    • Ron Chernow, Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr. (New York: Vintage Books, 1998), Ch. 18 “Nemesis” and Ch. 28 “Benevolent Trust.”
    • Henry Demarest Lloyd, Wealth against Commonwealth (1894, reprinted New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1902).
  • Extra Readings:
    • Henry Demarest Lloyd, “Story of a Great Monopoly,” Atlantic Monthly (1881).
    • Paul Boyer, Urban Masses and Moral Order in America, 1820-1920 (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1992).
    • Frederick Taylor Gates, Chapters in My Life (1977).
    • John Ensor Harr and Peter J. Johnson, The Rockefeller Century (NYC: Scribner, 1988).
    • Richard Brown, Rockefeller Medicine Men: Medicine and Capitalism in America (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1979).

• Seminar 4: Philanthropy, Capitalism, and the Welfare State
  • Readings for Today:
    • Alice O’Connor, Poverty Knowledge: Social Science, Social Policy, and the Poor in Twentieth-Century U.S. History (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001).
    • David Huyssen, Progressive Inequality: Rich and Poor in New York, 1890-1920 (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2014).
    • Lillian D. Wald, The House on Henry Street (New York: Henry Hold and Company, 1915).
  • Extra Readings:
    • Jacob A. Riis, How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York (1890, reprinted: Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2010).
    • Ajay K. Mehrotra, Making the Modern American Fiscal State: Law, Politics, and the Rise of Progressive Taxation, 1877-1929 (NYC: Cambridge University Press, 2014).
    • Judith Sealander, Private Wealth & Public Life: Foundation Philanthropy and the Reshaping of American Society from the Progressive Era to the New Deal (Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997).
    • Alice O’Connor, “The Ford Foundation and Philanthropic Activism in the 1960s,” in Philanthropic Foundations: New Scholarship, New Possibilities (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1999).
    • Alice O’Connor, “Community Action, Urban Reform, and the Fight against Poverty: The Ford Foundation’s Gray Areas Program,” Journal of Urban History 22(5) (July 1996).
    • Alice O’Connor, “Swimming against the Tide: A Brief History of Federal Policy in Poor Communities,” in The Community Development Reader (Eds. J. DeFilippis and S. Saegert) (New York: Routledge, 2008).

• Seminar 5: A Color Line in How the Money Flowed
  • Readings for Today:
    • Khalil Gibran Muhammad, Condemnation of Blackness: Race, Crime, and the Making of Modern Urban America (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2010).
    • W.E.B. Du Bois, The Philadelphia Negro (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 1899).
    • Karen Ferguson, Top Down: The Ford Foundation, Black Power, and the Reinvention of Racial Liberalism (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013).
    • Megan Ming Francis, “Do Foundations Co-Opt Civil Rights Organizations?” HistPhil (August 17, 2015).
  • Extra Readings:
    • Richard Hofstadter, Social Darwinism in American Thought (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1944).
    • Rayford Logan, Betrayal of the Negro (1954, reprinted London: Collier, 1969).
    • Thomas F. Gossett, Race: The History of an Idea in America (1963, reprinted New York: Oxford University Press, 1965).
    • George W. Stocking, Jr., Race, Culture and Evolution: Essays in the History of Anthropology (1968, reprinted Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982).
    • George Frederickson, The Black Image in the White Mind: The Debate on Afro-American Character and Destiny, 1817-1914, 2^nd (Hanover, N.H.: Wesleyan University Press, 1987).
    • John S. Haller, Jr., Outcasts from Evolution: Scientific Attitudes of Racial Inferiority, 1859-1900 (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1971).
    • Vernon J. Williams, From a Caste to a Minority: Changing Attitudes of American Sociologists toward Afro-Americans, 1896-1945 (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1989).
    • William H. Tucker, The Science and Politics of Racial Research (Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1994).
    • W.E.B. Du Bois, Race, and the City: Philadelphia Negro and Its Legacy (eds., Michael B. Katz and Thomas J. Sugrue) (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998).
    • Aldon Morris, The Scholar Denied: W.E.B. Du Bois and the Birth of Modern Sociology (Oakland, CA: University of California Press, 2015).
    • Noliwe Rooks, White Money/Black Power (NYC: Penguin Random House, 2006).
    • Fabio Rojas, From Black Power to Black Studies (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007).

Part III. Frederick P. Keppel’s The Foundation (1930): What Role Should U.S. Philanthropy Play with the U.S. Government? What Role Should Foundations Play Vis-à-vis Each Other?

• Seminar 6: Philanthropy in a Progressive Era North
  • Readings for Today:
    • Pittsburgh Surveyed: Social Science and Social Reform in the Early Twentieth Century (eds. Maurine W. Greenwald and Margo Anderson) (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1996).
    • Elizabeth Beardsley Butler, Women and the Trades (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1909) (Pittsburgh Survey 1).
  • Extra Readings:
    • John M. Glenn et. al., Russell Sage Foundation: 1907-1946 (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1947).
    • David C. Hammack and Stanton Wheeler, Social Science in the Making: Essays on the Russell Sage Foundation, 1907-1972 (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1995).
    • Alice O’Connor, Poverty Knowledge: Social Science, Social Policy, and the Poor in Twentieth-Century U.S. History (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002).

• Seminar 7: Philanthropy in a Jim Crow South
  • Readings for Today:
    • W.E.B. Du Bois, “Review of Negro Education,” The Crisis (Feb. 1918).
    • James D. Anderson, The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860-1935 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1988).
    • Thomas Jesse Jones, Negro Education: A Study of the Private and Higher Schools for Colored People in the United States (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1917).
    • Maribel Morey, “Julius Rosenwald was not a Hero,” HistPhil (June 20, 2017).
  • Extra Readings:
    • Eric S. Yellin, “The (White) Search for (Black) Order: The Phelps-Stokes Fund’s First Twenty Years, 1911-1931,” The Historian 65 (Winter 2002), 319-352, 338.
    • James Anderson, “Northern Foundations and the Shaping of Southern Black Rural Education, 1902-1935,” History of Education Quarterly, 18 (Winter 1978), 371-396.
    • Michael Fultz, “Teacher Training and African American Education in the South, 1900-1940,” The Journal of Negro Education, 64 (Spring 1995).
    • Eric Anderson and Alfred A. Moss, Jr., Dangerous Donations: Northern Philanthropy and Southern Black Education, 1902-1930 (Columbia, Missouri: University of Missouri Press, 1999).
    • Joan Malczewski, Building a New Educational State: Foundations, Schools, and the American South (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016).
    • Kenneth James King, Pan-Africanism and Education: A Study of Race Philanthropy and Education in the Southern States of America and East Africa (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971).
    • Ullin W. Leavell, “Trends of Philanthropy in Negro Education: A Survey,” The Journal of Negro Education 2 (Jan., 1933).

• Seminar 8: Funding the Natural and Social Sciences in the United States
  • Readings for Today:
    • Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial Director Beardsley Ruml’s Memorandum to the Board of Trustees (1924) (suggesting that the organization fund the social sciences), LSRM Archives, Series 2, Box 2, Folder 15 “Director’s Reports 1919-25.”
    • Alice O’Connor, Social Science For What?: Philanthropy and the Social Question in a World Turned Rightside Up (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2007).
    • Donald Fisher, Fundamental Development of the Social Sciences: Rockefeller Philanthropy and the United States Social Science Research Council (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1993).
    • Robert E. Kohler, Partners in Science: Foundations and Natural Scientists 1900-1945 (Chicago: University of Chicago, 1991).
  • Extra Readings:
    • Leah Gordon, From Power to Prejudice: The Rise of Racial Individualism in Midcentury America (Chicago: University of Chicago, 2015).
    • Martin Bulmer and Joan Bulmer, “Philanthropy and Social Science in the 1920s: Beardsley Ruml and the Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial, 1922-29,” Minerva 19 (Autumn 1981).
    • Martin Bulmer, The Chicago School of Sociology: Institutionalization, Diversity, and the Rise of Sociological Research (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984).
    • Dorothy Ross, The Origins of American Social Science (NYC: Cambridge University Press, 1991).
    • Barry Karl, Charles E. Merriam: And the Study of Politics (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974).
    • Rockefeller Philanthropy & Modern Biomedicine: International Initiatives from World War I to the Cold War (ed. William H. Schneider) (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2002).

• Seminar 9: What are the Applied Social Sciences?
  • Readings for Today:
    • President’s Research Committee on Social Trends, Recent Social Trends in the United States: Report of the President’s Research Committee on Social Trends (New York: McGraw-Hill Publishers, 1933).
    • Charles Camic, “On Edge: Sociology during the Great Depression and the New Deal,” in Sociology in America: A History (ed. Craig Calhoun) (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007).
    • William A. Tobin, “Studying Society: The Making of Recent Social Trends in the United States, 1929-1933,” Theory and Society 24 (Aug. 1995).
  • Extra Readings:
    • Raymond Fosdick, The Story of the Rockefeller Foundation (1952).
    • Thomas Neville Bonner, Iconoclast: Abraham Flexner and a Life of Learning (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002).
    • Alice O’Connor, Social Science for What? Philanthropy and the Social Question in a World Turned Rightside Up (NYC: Russell Sage Foundation, 2007).
    • Leah Gordon, From Power to Prejudice: The Rise of Racial Individualism in Midcentury America (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2015).

• Seminar 10: Reflecting on the Role of Philanthropy in Early Twentieth-Century U.S. Life
  • Readings for Today:
    • Frederick P. Keppel, The Foundation (New York: MacMillan Company, 1930).
    • Ellen Condliffe Lagemann, The Politics of Knowledge: The Carnegie Corporation, Philanthropy, and Public Policy (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989).

Part IV. Congressional Investigations on Foundations in Twentieth Century United States:

• Seminar 11: The Walsh Commission on Industrial Relations, 1912-1915
  • Readings for Today:
    • Henry S. Pritchett, “Should the Carnegie Foundation Be Suppressed?” The North American Review 201 (Apr., 1915).
    • Eleanor K. Taylor, “The Public Accountability of Charitable Trusts and Foundations: Historical Definition of the Problem in the United States,” Social Service Review 25 (Sept., 1951).
  • Extra Reading:
    • John T. Flynn, God’s Gold: The Story of Rockefeller and His Times (New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1935).

• Seminar 12: The Cox, Reece, and Patman Committees (1950s-1960s)
  • Readings for Today:
    • Final Report of the Select Committee to Investigate Foundations and Other Organizations (Cox Committee Report). U.S. House of Representatives, 82nd Congress, 2nd, Report No. 2514 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1953).
    • Harold M. Keele, “Foundations Under Investigation: A Review and Evaluation of Cox, Reece and Patman,” unpublished proceedings of NYU’s Ninth Biennial Conference on Charitable Foundations, Rockefeller Archive Center, RG IV4B5 (Council on Foundations Collection), Box 7, Folder 61.
  • Extra Reading:
    • Mark Solovey, Shaky Foundations: The Politics-Patronage-Social Science Nexus in Cold War America (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2013).

• Seminar 13: Should Foundations Be Tax-Exempt?
  • Readings for Today:
    • Foundations Under Fire: A Selection of Writings by Critics and Supporters of Tax-Exempt Foundations (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1970).
    • Alice O’Connor, “The Politics of Rich and Poor: Postwar Investigations of Foundations and the Rise of the Philanthropic Right,” in American Capitalism: Social Thought and Political Economy in the Twentieth Century (ed., Nelson Lichtenstein) (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006).
  • Extra Reading:
    • Paul Arnsberger, et. al., “A History of the Tax-Exempt Sector: An SOI Perspective,” Statistics of Income Bulletin (Winter 2008).

• Seminar 14: U.S. Philanthropy and Democracy in the United States
  • Readings for Today: 
    • Olivier Zunz, Philanthropy in America: A History (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2011).
    • Rob Reich, Chiara Cordelli, and Lucy Bernholz, Philanthropy in Democratic Societies: History, Institutions, Values (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016).
  • Extra Reading:
    • Forum: “What are Foundations For?,” Boston Review (March 2013).
    • Emma Saunders-Hastings, “Is American Philanthropy Really Democratic in the Tocquevillian Sense?” HistPhil (July 15, 2015).
    • David Callahan, The Givers: Wealth, Power, and Philanthropy in a New Gilded Age (New York: Penguin Random House, 2017).
    • Eric John Abrahamson, Sam Hurst, and Barbara Shubinski, Democracy and Philanthropy: The Rockefeller Foundation and the American Experiment (New York: The Rockefeller Foundation, 2013).
    • Kathleen D. McCarthy, American Creed: Philanthropy and the Rise of Civil Society, 1700-1865 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003).
    • Rob Reich, Just Giving: Why Philanthropy is Failing Democracy and How It Can Do Better (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2018).

Part V. U.S. Foundations on a Global Stage: Benevolent Giver, Empire by Another Name, or Apologist for Global Capitalism?

• Seminar 15: Benevolent Giver?
  • Readings for Today:
    • Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial Annual Report, “Social Science Program in Europe,” folder 115, box 15 series “700 Europe,” Record Group (RG) 1.1 Project, Rockefeller Foundation Archives, RAC.
    • Dorothy Ross, “Changing Contours of the Social Science Disciplines,” in The Cambridge History of Science (ed. Theodore M. Porter and Dorothy Ross) (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003).
  • Extra Readings:
    • Christian Fleck, A Transatlantic History of the Social Sciences: Robber Barons, the Third Reich and the Invention of Empirical Social Science (London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2011).
    • Darwin H. Stapleton, “Joseph Willits and the Rockefeller’s European Programme in the Social Sciences,” Minerva 41 (2003).
    • Grace Davie, Poverty Knowledge in South Africa: A Social History of Human Science, 1855-2005 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2015).
    • Helen Tilley, Africa as a Living Laboratory: Empire, Development, and the Problem of Scientific Knowledge, 1870-1950 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011).
    • Patricia L. Rosenfield, A World of Giving: Carnegie Corporation of New York, A Century of International Philanthropy (New York: PublicAffairs, 2014).

• Seminar 16: Empire by Another Name?
  • Readings for Today:
    • Inderjeet Parmar, Foundations of the American Century: The Ford, Carnegie, & Rockefeller Foundations in the Rise of American Power (New York: Columbia University Press, 2012).
  • Extra Readings:
    • Edward H. Berman, The Influence of the Carnegie, Ford, and Rockefeller Foundations on American Foreign Policy: The Ideology of Philanthropy (Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1984).
    • Joan Roelofs, Foundations and Public Policy: The Mask of Pluralism (Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 2003).

• Seminar 17: Apologist for Global Capitalism?
  • Readings for Today:
    • William Easterly, The Tyranny of Experts: Economists, Dictators, and the Forgotten Rights of the Poor (New York: Basic Books, 2013).
  • Extra Reading:
    • Gareth Stedman Jones, An End to Poverty? A Historical Debate (NYC: Columbia University Press, 2008).
    • Thomas Piketty, Capital: In the Twenty-First Century (trans. Arthur Godlhammer) (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2013), Introduction and Ch. 5 “The Capital/Income Ratio over the Long Run.”

• **Thanksgiving Holiday**

Part VI. Looking Forward: What Role is U.S. Philanthropy Playing in U.S. and Global Life?

• Seminar 18: U.S. Philanthropy in the United States
  • Readings for Today:
    • Sarah Reckow, Follow the Money: How Foundation Dollars Change Public School Politics (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013).
    • Megan Tompkins-Stange, Policy Patrons: Philanthropy, Education Reform, and the Politics of Influence (Cambridge: Harvard Education Press, 2016).
    • Erica Kohl-Arenas, The Self-Help Myth: How Philanthropy Fails to Alleviate Poverty (Oakland, CA: University of California Press, 2015).

• Seminar 19: U.S. Philanthropy on the Global Stage
  • Readings for Today:
    • Anand Giridharadas, Winners Take All: The Elite Charade of Changing the World (New York: Penguin Books, 2018).
    • Linsey McGoey, No Such Thing as a Free Gift: The Gates Foundation and the Price of Philanthropy (London: Verso Books, 2015).
    • Excerpts from, New Philanthropy and Social Justice: Debating the Conceptual and Policy Discourse, ed. Behrooz Morvaridi (Bristol: Policy Press, 2015).